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Economic Geology; May 2005; v. 100; no. 3; p. 583-590; DOI: 10.2113/100.3.583
© 2005 Society of Economic Geologists
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Scientific Communications

ZINC ISOTOPE VARIATION IN HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS: PRELIMINARY EVIDENCE FROM THE IRISH MIDLANDS ORE FIELD

J. J. Wilkinson{dagger}, D. J. Weiss, T. F. D. Mason and B. J. Coles

Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
>and
> Department of Mineralogy, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom

{dagger} Corresponding author: e-mail, sgoodman{at}srk.com

Little is known about the range or controls on the zinc isotope composition of terrestrial materials and no systematic studies have been carried out on ore-forming systems. We have obtained zinc isotope data from 19 sphalerite samples, formed over a range of well-constrained precipitation conditions, from the Irish Zn-Pb ore field. The results reveal variation in {delta}66Zn (where {delta}66Zn = [(66Zn/64Zn)sample/(66Zn/64Zn)standard – 1] x 1000), from –0.17 to 1.33 per mil relative to the Lyon JMC 3-0749L zinc standard. This variation is significant compared to the external reproducibility (±0.12{per thousand}, 2{sigma}), and the data show very good mass-dependency with {delta}67Zn and {delta}68Zn values. Thus, natural variations in the zinc isotope composition of these ore minerals can be resolved. Our results span the entire range of {delta}66Zn values measured on terrestrial geologic samples to date. The data suggest that variations in the primary source rock composition or precipitation temperature are unlikely to be important controls on the zinc isotope composition of sphalerite in the ore field. We suggest that the variation is most likely due to a kinetic fractionation involving the preferential incorporation of light zinc isotopes in sphalerite precipitated rapidly under disequilibrium conditions. However, we cannot rule out the possibility of mixing of zinc derived from two isotopically distinct sources. The significant variation in zinc isotope compositions we have observed in the Irish ore field confirms that such fractionations can provide new insights into mineralizing processes in the Earth’s crust.




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D. L. Kelley, K. D. Kelley, W. B. Coker, B. Caughlin, and M. E. Doherty
Beyond the Obvious Limits of Ore Deposits: The Use of Mineralogical, Geochemical, and Biological Features for the Remote Detection of Mineralization
Economic Geology, June 1, 2006; 101(4): 729 - 752.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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