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Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
U.S. Geological Survey, Mail Stop 937, 345 Middlefield Rd., Menlo Park, California 94025
criss{at}levee.wustl.edu
Oxygen isotope analyses of propylitized andesites from the Con Virginia and
California mines allow construction of a detailed, three-dimensional image of
the isotopic surfaces produced by the convective fluid flows that deposited the
famous Big Bonanza orebody. On a set of intersecting maps and sections, the
18O
isopleths clearly show the intricate and conformable relationship of the orebody
to a deep, ~500 m gyre of meteoric-hydrothermal fluid that circulated along and
above the Comstock fault, near the contact of the Davidson Granodiorite. The
core of this gyre (
18O
= 0 to 3.8
) encompasses the bonanza and is almost totally surrounded by rocks
having much lower
18O
values (1.0 to 4.4
). This deep gyre may represent a convective
longitudinal roll superimposed on a large unicellular meteoric-hydrothermal
system, producing a complex flow field with both radial and longitudinal
components that is consistent with experimentally observed patterns of fluid
convection in permeable media.
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